Anatomy

Cardiac Valves

Which side of the heart does each atrioventricular valve correspond to? Memory aids enlighten us all!

Atrioventricular Valves

  • Tricuspid is in the right heart
  • Mitral is in the left heart

What about the semilunar valves? They must not be forgotten! And so they shan’t be!

Semilunar Valves

  • Pulmonary goes to the lungs and is on the right
  • Aortical goes to the rest of the body and is on the left
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Broca And Wernicke Memory Aids

Facebook and Twitter! Two important procrastination tools of our time! Many a student has suffered gloriously from these distractions. Finally, they help us to learn medicine, just like you’ve always wanted.

Broca’s Area

Location

  • In the frontal lobe of the brain
  • Facebook
    • Frontal Broca
    • FB

Lesion

  • Broca’s aphasia is expressive aphasia
    • Patient understands things but cannot talk well

Wernicke’s Area

Location

  • In the temporal lobe of the brain
  • Twitter
    • Temporal Wernicke
    • TW

Lesion

  • Wernicke’s aphasia is receptive aphasia
    • Affectionately known as “word salad”
    • Patient says fluent gibberish but does not understand things

Unity

  • Both are usually on the left side
  • Connected by the arcuate fasciculus nerve fibres

References

  1. THE BRAIN FROM TOP TO BOTTOM. (n.d.). BROCA’S AREA , WERNICKE’S AREA, AND OTHER LANGUAGE-PROCESSING AREAS IN THE BRAIN. [online] Available at: http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_10/d_10_cr/d_10_cr_lan/d_10_cr_lan.html [Accessed 26 Aug. 2018].

American Compact Disc

Colles and Smith fractures are both fractures of the distal radius.

Colles fracture

  • Dorsal angulation of the fractured fragment
  • Memory aid: CD

Smith fracture

  • Volar angulation of the fractured fragment
    • Volar means palmar
  • Memory aid: VS almost looks like US, which is quite American

And that’s how an American CD is made.

References

  1. Luijkx, T. and Desai, P. (2018). Colles fracture. [online] Radiopaedia. Available at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/colles-fracture [Accessed 15 Jan. 2018].
  2. Luijkx, T. and Gaillard, F. (2018). Smith fracture. [online] Radiopaedia. Available at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/smith-fracture [Accessed 15 Jan. 2018].

Primary And Secondary Curvatures

The vertebral column consists of 5 regions:

  • Cervical (7 bones)
  • Thoracic (12 bones)
  • Lumbar (5 bones)
  • Sacral (5 fused)
  • Coccygeal (4 fused)

Primary curvatures

  • Develop in foetal life, before birth
    • Regions affected:
      • Thoracic
      • Sacral
    • Kyphosis
      • Spine curves posteriorly, like a hunchback appearance
      • Memory aid: the one that’s not lordosis

Secondary curvatures

  • Develop in childhood, after birth
    • Regions affected:
      • Cervical
      • Lumbar
    • Lordosis
      • Spine curves anteriorly, like a fancy, puffed out pigeon
      • Memory aid: lordosis happens later; lords are fancy people, so they stand proudly and don’t hunch their backs

References

  1. Emory University. (n.d.). The Vertebral Column and Spinal Cord. [online] Available at: http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/back.html [Accessed 12 Jan. 2018].

Major Arm Nerves Passing Through Geometric Spaces

Quadrangular space: axillary nerve.

Remember: a is before r in quadrangular.

 

Triangular space: radial nerve.

Remember: r is before a in triangular.

 

References

  1. Hacking, C. and Gaillard, F. (2017). Quadrangular space | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org. [online] Radiopaedia. Available at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/quadrangular-space [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017].
  2. Knipe, H. (2017). Lateral triangular space | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org. [online] Radiopaedia. Available at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lateral-triangular-space [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017].
  3. Duke Medicine. (2017). Duke Anatomy – Lab 10: Shoulder, Axilla, & Arm. [online] Available at: https://web.duke.edu/anatomy/lab10/lab10.html [Accessed 25 Aug. 2017].